What should be noted when welding cast aluminum parts?-Manufacturer of metal parts

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What should be noted when welding cast aluminum parts?

05 Jun,2025

Aluminum castings have good strength and can achieve excellent mechanical, physical.

Aluminum castings have good strength and can achieve excellent mechanical, physical, and performance properties through heat treatment, making them widely used in mechanical manufacturing. What should be noted when welding aluminum castings?

1. Aluminum oxidizes easily in air and during welding, and aluminum oxide has a high melting point and is stable, making it difficult to melt and fuse with the base material. The oxide film on the surface of aluminum and the large amount of moisture it absorbs can cause porosity in the weld. Before welding cast aluminum parts, the surface oxide layer must be thoroughly cleaned using chemical or mechanical methods.

2. Aluminum and aluminum alloys can dissolve a large amount of hydrogen in the liquid state but almost no hydrogen in the solid state. During the solidification and cooling of the weld pool, hydrogen may not have time to escape, leading to the formation of hydrogen pores. Strictly controlling the source of hydrogen can prevent the formation of pores.

3. During welding, a large amount of heat is conducted into the base metal. Therefore, when welding aluminum and aluminum alloys, energy is primarily consumed in other parts of the metal. To achieve a high-quality welded joint, it is advisable to use energy sources with concentrated energy and high power or employ preheating processes.

4. Aluminum has good reflectivity to light and heat. During solid-liquid phase transitions, there are no significant changes in luster, making it difficult to judge during welding operations. Alloy elements are prone to evaporation and burning, which can reduce the performance of the weld.

5. Aluminum has a high volume contraction rate during solidification, resulting in significant deformation and stress when welding cast aluminum components. Therefore, measures to prevent welding deformation must be taken. If the base metal is deformed or undergoes solid solution aging, welding heat can reduce the strength of the heat-affected zone. In production, adjustments to the composition of the welding wire and welding process can be made to prevent the formation of hot cracks.

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